One-shot segmentation of brain tissues is typically a dual-model iterative learning: a registration model (reg-model) warps a carefully-labeled atlas onto unlabeled images to initialize their pseudo masks for training a segmentation model (seg-model); the seg-model revises the pseudo masks to enhance the reg-model for a better warping in the next iteration. However, there is a key weakness in such dual-model iteration that the spatial misalignment inevitably caused by the reg-model could misguide the seg-model, which makes it converge on an inferior segmentation performance eventually. In this paper, we propose a novel image-aligned style transformation to reinforce the dual-model iterative learning for robust one-shot segmentation of brain tissues. Specifically, we first utilize the reg-model to warp the atlas onto an unlabeled image, and then employ the Fourier-based amplitude exchange with perturbation to transplant the style of the unlabeled image into the aligned atlas. This allows the subsequent seg-model to learn on the aligned and style-transferred copies of the atlas instead of unlabeled images, which naturally guarantees the correct spatial correspondence of an image-mask training pair, without sacrificing the diversity of intensity patterns carried by the unlabeled images. Furthermore, we introduce a feature-aware content consistency in addition to the image-level similarity to constrain the reg-model for a promising initialization, which avoids the collapse of image-aligned style transformation in the first iteration. Experimental results on two public datasets demonstrate 1) a competitive segmentation performance of our method compared to the fully-supervised method, and 2) a superior performance over other state-of-the-art with an increase of average Dice by up to 4.67%. The source code is available at: https://github.com/JinxLv/One-shot-segmentation-via-IST.

由于互动交通参与者的随机性质和道路结构的复杂性，城市自动驾驶的决策是具有挑战性的。尽管基于强化的学习（RL）决策计划有望处理城市驾驶方案，但它的样本效率低和适应性差。在本文中，我们提出了Scene-Rep Transformer，以通过更好的场景表示编码和顺序预测潜在蒸馏来提高RL决策能力。具体而言，构建了多阶段变压器（MST）编码器，不仅对自我车辆及其邻居之间的相互作用意识进行建模，而且对代理商及其候选路线之间的意图意识。具有自我监督学习目标的连续潜伏变压器（SLT）用于将未来的预测信息提炼成潜在的场景表示，以减少勘探空间并加快训练的速度。基于软演员批评的最终决策模块（SAC）将来自场景rep变压器的精制潜在场景表示输入，并输出驾驶动作。该框架在五个挑战性的模拟城市场景中得到了验证，其性能通过成功率，安全性和效率方面的数据效率和性能的大幅度提高来定量表现出来。定性结果表明，我们的框架能够提取邻居代理人的意图，以帮助做出决策并提供更多多元化的驾驶行为。

本文提出了一个新型的深度学习框架，用于多模式运动预测。该框架由三个部分组成：经常性神经网络，以处理目标代理的运动过程，卷积神经网络处理栅格化环境表示以及一种基于距离的注意机制，以处理不同代理之间的相互作用。我们在大规模的真实驾驶数据集，Waymo Open Motion数据集上验证了所提出的框架，并将其性能与标准测试基准上的其他方法进行比较。定性结果表明，我们的模型给出的预测轨迹是准确，多样的，并且根据道路结构。标准基准测试的定量结果表明，我们的模型在预测准确性和其他评估指标方面优于其他基线方法。拟议的框架是2021 Waymo Open DataSet运动预测挑战的第二名。

互动和非交互式模型是基于向量的交叉信息检索（V-CLIR）中的两个De-Facto标准框架，其分别以同步和异步方式嵌入查询和文档。从检索准确性和计算效率的角度来看，每个型号都有自己的优越性和缺点。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的框架来利用这两个范式的优势。具体地，我们介绍了半交互式机制，它在非交互式架构上构建了我们的模型，但将每个文档与其相关的多语言查询一起编码。因此，可以更好地学习交互式模型的交叉特征。此外，我们通过重用其单词嵌入和采用知识蒸馏来进一步将知识从训练有素的互动模型转移到我们的。我们的模型是从多语言预先训练的语言模型M-BERT初始化的，并在从维基百科和从现实世界搜索引擎收集的内部数据集进行评估。广泛的分析表明，我们的方法在保持计算效率的同时显着提高了检索准确性。

本文介绍了WenetsPeech，一个由10000多小时的高质量标记语音组成的多域普通话语料库，2400多小时弱贴言论，大约100万小时的语音，总共22400多小时。我们收集来自YouTube和Podcast的数据，涵盖各种演讲样式，场景，域名，主题和嘈杂的条件。引入了基于光学字符识别（OCR）的方法，以在其对应的视频字幕上为YouTube数据生成音频/文本分段候选，而高质量的ASR转录系统用于为播客数据生成音频/文本对候选。然后我们提出了一种新的端到端标签错误检测方法，可以进一步验证和过滤候选者。我们还提供三个手动标记的高质量测试集，以及WenetsPeech进行评估 - 开发用于训练中的交叉验证目的，从互联网收集的匹配测试，并从真实会议中记录的测试\ _MEETING，以获得更具挑战性的不匹配测试。使用有线exeeEX培训的基线系统，用于三个流行的语音识别工具包，即Kaldi，Espnet和Wenet，以及三个测试集的识别结果也被提供为基准。据我们所知，WenetsPeech是目前最大的开放式普通话语音语料库，其中有利于生产级语音识别的研究。

Different people speak with diverse personalized speaking styles. Although existing one-shot talking head methods have made significant progress in lip sync, natural facial expressions, and stable head motions, they still cannot generate diverse speaking styles in the final talking head videos. To tackle this problem, we propose a one-shot style-controllable talking face generation framework. In a nutshell, we aim to attain a speaking style from an arbitrary reference speaking video and then drive the one-shot portrait to speak with the reference speaking style and another piece of audio. Specifically, we first develop a style encoder to extract dynamic facial motion patterns of a style reference video and then encode them into a style code. Afterward, we introduce a style-controllable decoder to synthesize stylized facial animations from the speech content and style code. In order to integrate the reference speaking style into generated videos, we design a style-aware adaptive transformer, which enables the encoded style code to adjust the weights of the feed-forward layers accordingly. Thanks to the style-aware adaptation mechanism, the reference speaking style can be better embedded into synthesized videos during decoding. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method is capable of generating talking head videos with diverse speaking styles from only one portrait image and an audio clip while achieving authentic visual effects. Project Page: https://github.com/FuxiVirtualHuman/styletalk.

Learning the underlying distribution of molecular graphs and generating high-fidelity samples is a fundamental research problem in drug discovery and material science. However, accurately modeling distribution and rapidly generating novel molecular graphs remain crucial and challenging goals. To accomplish these goals, we propose a novel Conditional Diffusion model based on discrete Graph Structures (CDGS) for molecular graph generation. Specifically, we construct a forward graph diffusion process on both graph structures and inherent features through stochastic differential equations (SDE) and derive discrete graph structures as the condition for reverse generative processes. We present a specialized hybrid graph noise prediction model that extracts the global context and the local node-edge dependency from intermediate graph states. We further utilize ordinary differential equation (ODE) solvers for efficient graph sampling, based on the semi-linear structure of the probability flow ODE. Experiments on diverse datasets validate the effectiveness of our framework. Particularly, the proposed method still generates high-quality molecular graphs in a limited number of steps.

Despite some successful applications of goal-driven navigation, existing deep reinforcement learning-based approaches notoriously suffers from poor data efficiency issue. One of the reasons is that the goal information is decoupled from the perception module and directly introduced as a condition of decision-making, resulting in the goal-irrelevant features of the scene representation playing an adversary role during the learning process. In light of this, we present a novel Goal-guided Transformer-enabled reinforcement learning (GTRL) approach by considering the physical goal states as an input of the scene encoder for guiding the scene representation to couple with the goal information and realizing efficient autonomous navigation. More specifically, we propose a novel variant of the Vision Transformer as the backbone of the perception system, namely Goal-guided Transformer (GoT), and pre-train it with expert priors to boost the data efficiency. Subsequently, a reinforcement learning algorithm is instantiated for the decision-making system, taking the goal-oriented scene representation from the GoT as the input and generating decision commands. As a result, our approach motivates the scene representation to concentrate mainly on goal-relevant features, which substantially enhances the data efficiency of the DRL learning process, leading to superior navigation performance. Both simulation and real-world experimental results manifest the superiority of our approach in terms of data efficiency, performance, robustness, and sim-to-real generalization, compared with other state-of-art baselines. Demonstration videos are available at \colorb{https://youtu.be/93LGlGvaN0c.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are found to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, and various methods have been proposed for the defense. Among these methods, adversarial training has been drawing increasing attention because of its simplicity and effectiveness. However, the performance of the adversarial training is greatly limited by the architectures of target DNNs, which often makes the resulting DNNs with poor accuracy and unsatisfactory robustness. To address this problem, we propose DSARA to automatically search for the neural architectures that are accurate and robust after adversarial training. In particular, we design a novel cell-based search space specially for adversarial training, which improves the accuracy and the robustness upper bound of the searched architectures by carefully designing the placement of the cells and the proportional relationship of the filter numbers. Then we propose a two-stage search strategy to search for both accurate and robust neural architectures. At the first stage, the architecture parameters are optimized to minimize the adversarial loss, which makes full use of the effectiveness of the adversarial training in enhancing the robustness. At the second stage, the architecture parameters are optimized to minimize both the natural loss and the adversarial loss utilizing the proposed multi-objective adversarial training method, so that the searched neural architectures are both accurate and robust. We evaluate the proposed algorithm under natural data and various adversarial attacks, which reveals the superiority of the proposed method in terms of both accurate and robust architectures. We also conclude that accurate and robust neural architectures tend to deploy very different structures near the input and the output, which has great practical significance on both hand-crafting and automatically designing of accurate and robust neural architectures.

One of the key challenges in deploying RL to real-world applications is to adapt to variations of unknown environment contexts, such as changing terrains in robotic tasks and fluctuated bandwidth in congestion control. Existing works on adaptation to unknown environment contexts either assume the contexts are the same for the whole episode or assume the context variables are Markovian. However, in many real-world applications, the environment context usually stays stable for a stochastic period and then changes in an abrupt and unpredictable manner within an episode, resulting in a segment structure, which existing works fail to address. To leverage the segment structure of piecewise stable context in real-world applications, in this paper, we propose a \textit{\textbf{Se}gmented \textbf{C}ontext \textbf{B}elief \textbf{A}ugmented \textbf{D}eep~(SeCBAD)} RL method. Our method can jointly infer the belief distribution over latent context with the posterior over segment length and perform more accurate belief context inference with observed data within the current context segment. The inferred belief context can be leveraged to augment the state, leading to a policy that can adapt to abrupt variations in context. We demonstrate empirically that SeCBAD can infer context segment length accurately and outperform existing methods on a toy grid world environment and Mujuco tasks with piecewise-stable context.